Moving to Spain from the US is more than just a change of address. With its sunny climate, rich culture, slower pace of life, and strong sense of community, Spain has become one of the most attractive destinations for those seeking a fresh start abroad. It’s the start of a lifestyle many Americans dream about.
In recent years, new opportunities like the digital nomad visa for Spain have made it even easier for Americans to live and work remotely from Spanish soil. Whether you’re freelancing, running an online business, or working for a U.S. company, this visa opens the door to long-term stays without needing a traditional work permit. It’s especially appealing for those craving flexibility, affordable living, and a European base.
But moving internationally as an American citizen to Spain isn’t something to take lightly. In this guide, we break down everything you need to know to make your move to Spain smooth, exciting, and stress-free.
Why do American citizens move to Spain?
From retirees to remote workers, families to solo adventurers, more and more Americans are setting their sights on Spain—and for good reason. The Mediterranean lifestyle offers a unique mix of affordability, culture, safety, and sunshine that’s hard to match back in the States.
Whether it’s the slower pace of life, access to quality healthcare, or the allure of European travel just a short flight away, Spain has become a magnet for US citizens looking to redefine their way of living.
The country’s charm has also attracted other American creatives and entrepreneurs who value Spain’s lifestyle, tax benefits for expats, and growing tech scenes in cities like Barcelona and Valencia. Even some familiar faces have made the move. Richard Gere, for example, has established his residence in Spain, in the Madrid region, thanks in part to his relationship with the Spanish publicist Alejandra Silva, whom he later married.
Whether it’s a beachfront home in Marbella, a quiet finca in Mallorca, or a chic apartment in Madrid, Spain continues to capture the hearts of Americans seeking beauty, balance, and a sense of community.
What do I need to know before moving to Spain?
Before packing your bags and booking that one-way flight, there are a few essential things every US citizen should understand when relocating to Spain.
Visas and residency permits for Americans
For stays longer than 90 days, American citizens must apply for a visa before entering Spain. The type of visa you need will depend on your situation.
- The non lucrative visa is a popular choice for retirees or those who can support themselves without working in Spain.
- If you’re planning to study, the student visa allows for extended stays and may include the possibility to work part-time.
- And for remote workers or freelancers, the new digital nomad visa for Spain is a game-changer—it allows you to live in the country while working for a foreign employer or running an online business.
Once in Spain, you’ll likely need to convert your visa into a residency permit, which requires registering with local authorities and obtaining a TIE card, the foreigner identity card. Residency options can be renewed and eventually lead to permanent residency or even Spanish citizenship after several years, provided you meet certain conditions. Understanding the process from the start ensures you avoid legal issues and build a stable life in Spain.
Legal requirements and documents needed
Before moving to Spain from US, it’s crucial to gather all necessary documents and understand what Spanish authorities will require from you. Generally, you’ll need: a valid amercian passport, proof of financial means (such as bank statements, pension income, or a remote work contract), criminal background checks from the FBI and sometimes your state, and possibly a medical certificate confirming you are free from contagious diseases.
All documents must be apostilled and, in many cases, translated into Spanish by a sworn translator.
Once in Spain, the first step is obtaining your NIE number. This number is essential for almost every legal or financial transaction—renting a home, signing up for utilities, buying a car, or even getting a mobile phone plan. Depending on your visa type, you may also need to register with the local town hall and foreigners’ office within 30 days of arrival. It’s best to prepare well in advance to ensure a smooth and stress-free transition.
Health insurance and healthcare access
One of the most pleasant surprises for many Americans moving to Spain is the quality and affordability of healthcare. Spain has a universal healthcare system, but access to it depends on your residency status and whether you’re employed or contributing to the Spanish social security system.
Most US newcomers are required to obtain private health insurance as part of their visa application. This insurance must cover the full duration of your intended stay and meet specific standards, including no co-payments and full coverage across Spain.Private insurance plans in Spain are significantly more affordable than what many US citizens are used to paying, often starting from just €50 to €100 per month.
Once you become a legal resident and start working or paying into the system, you may become eligible for public healthcare, which is widely regarded as one of the best in Europe. Regardless of your situation, make sure you are covered from day one—medical emergencies abroad can be both stressful and costly without the right protection in place.
Bank account
Opening a Spanish bank account is not a legal obligation, but it will make your life in Spain much easier. From paying rent and bills to receiving payments and managing daily expenses, a local account will save you money on international fees and make things more convenient.
Most major banks offer non-resident accounts, which are relatively easy to open with your passport, NIE, and proof of address—though some may require additional documentation such as income proof or a visa.
Once you receive your residency permit or TIE card, you can switch to a resident bank account, which often comes with better terms, lower fees, and additional services. Some banks now offer online account setup or even English-speaking customer support, making the process more accessible for newcomers. It’s worth researching which banks are foreigner-friendly and have branches near your new home, especially if you prefer in-person assistance.
Cost of moving to Spain from US
Relocating to Spain can be surprisingly affordable, especially when compared to the high cost of living in many parts of the US. However, the total cost will vary depending on your lifestyle, the city you choose, and whether you’re moving alone or with family.
Housing and rent
Housing is often the biggest monthly expense, but it’s significantly more affordable than in major USA cities. Rent prices vary widely across Spain. In cities like Madrid and Barcelona, you can expect to pay between €900 and €1,500 per month for a one-bedroom apartment in the city center, and €600–€1,000 in surrounding neighborhoods. Smaller cities like Valencia, Alicante, or Granada offer much more competitive pricing.
If you’re moving with a family or looking for a long-term home, it’s common to rent a larger flat or even a house, which can range from €1,200 to €2,000 depending on the location. Keep in mind that most rentals in Spain come fully furnished, especially in expat-friendly areas, and long-term leases often require a one or two-month deposit, plus proof of income or a guarantor. Working with a relocation agency or trusted local contact can help you navigate the rental market more easily.
Groceries, transportation, and utilities
Everyday costs such as groceries, public transport, and utilities are generally lower in Spain than in the USA. A monthly grocery bill for one person typically ranges between €150 and €250, depending on your habits and whether you shop at local markets or larger supermarkets.
Public transportation is efficient and budget-friendly. A monthly metro or bus pass in a major city usually costs between €40 and €60. In smaller towns, you might not need public transport at all. Utilities, like electricity, water, gas, and internet, will generally cost €100–€200 per month for a typical apartment. However, utility prices can spike in winter or summer, depending on your heating and cooling needs.
Average monthly budget for singles and families
The average monthly budget for a single person living modestly in a mid-sized city ranges from €1,200 to €1,800, including rent, food, transportation, and leisure. In larger cities like Madrid or Barcelona, this number might rise to €2,000 if you live centrally or enjoy a more upscale lifestyle.
Digital nomads and remote workers often find they can maintain a comfortable lifestyle at a fraction of what they’d spend in places like New York, San Francisco, or Miami.
For families, the monthly cost naturally increases. A family of four should plan for a budget between €2,500 and €4,000, depending on housing size, whether children attend international schools (which can be expensive), and general lifestyle choices. Families who choose public schools and live outside the big cities can reduce their expenses significantly. In either case, the key to saving money is understanding local pricing, using public services wisely, and adapting to the Spanish way of life.
Taxes for americans living in Spain
One of the most important financial considerations is taxation. If you’re an American citizen living in Spain, you may be subject to taxes in both countries, though there are treaties in place to avoid double taxation.
Spain taxes residents on their worldwide income, so once you’re a tax resident (meaning you live in Spain for more than 183 days per year), you’ll need to report and potentially pay taxes on all income, including that earned in the US.
Fortunately, the US and Spain tax treaty and the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (FEIE) help reduce or eliminate double taxation for many Americans abroad. You will still need to file a US tax return each year and may also have to file an FBAR (Foreign Bank Account Report) if your foreign accounts exceed $10,000.
Advice for Us expats moving to Spain
Relocating to a new country is a big decision, especially when you’re doing it with children. But moving to Spain with your family can be a rewarding and enriching experience for everyone.
Schooling options for children
Spain offers a wide variety of schooling options, making it relatively easy for expat families to find the right fit for their children. Public schools are free and open to all legal residents, and the quality of education is generally high, especially in smaller towns and regions.
However, public education is conducted entirely in Spanish (or in regional languages like Catalan or Galician), which may require a period of adaptation for non-Spanish-speaking children.
For families seeking a smoother academic transition, there are also semi-private and fully private schools, many of which offer bilingual or international programs. International schools, especially those offering American, British, or IB curriculums, are popular choices among expats. These schools often have smaller class sizes, English-speaking staff, and globally recognized standards, but tuition can range from €4,000 to over €15,000 per year.
It’s important to research schools in advance and, if possible, visit in person before making a decision.
Family reunification visas
If one family member moves to Spain first—whether on a work visa, student visa, or digital nomad visa—they may be eligible to apply for family reunification so that their spouse and children can join them.
The process typically requires proving financial stability, suitable housing, and demonstrating family ties through official documentation like marriage and birth certificates, which must be legalized and translated into Spanish.
Alternatively, some visa categories, like the non-lucrative visa, allow applicants to include immediate family members from the start. In all cases, once your family is granted the appropriate residency permits, they’ll enjoy many of the same rights and access to services as Spanish citizens, including healthcare and education.
The key is planning ahead and ensuring all paperwork is complete and in order before your move.
Adapting kids to Spanish culture
One of the most common concerns for families moving abroad is how their children will adapt to a new language and culture. Fortunately, Spain is known for its warm, family-friendly environment, and most children adapt far faster than adults.
Spanish schools and communities are generally welcoming to foreign students, and younger kids, in particular, tend to pick up the language quickly through daily interaction with classmates and teachers.
That said, the adjustment period can still be challenging. Parents can ease the transition by enrolling children in local activities like sports, music, or dance classes, where they can make friends and feel a sense of belonging. Maintaining some routines from home, while also embracing new Spanish customs, like later mealtimes or weekend family outings, can help kids feel more comfortable.
Over time, most children not only adapt, but thrive, gaining language skills and cultural awareness that will benefit them for life.
Bringing your family to Spain
Making the move from the US to Spain is exciting, but it also comes with a learning curve. Immigration laws can be complex and change frequently, so working with an experienced lawyer can help you avoid delays, misunderstandings, or even legal issues.
If you’re serious about starting your new life in Spain with confidence and peace of mind, we highly recommend reaching out to Pellicer & Heredia, a team of international lawyers with years of experience assisting American citizens relocating to Spain. Their bilingual team specializes in immigration, property, and tax law, and offers personalized support at every stage of the process.
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